Analytics

2,774 sites · data from Compute Atlas (CC BY 4.0) + 1,017 unverified from outside research · synced Oct 10, 2026

Tracked sites

2,774

55 states & territories · 783 operators

Disclosed capacity

550 GW

From 1,850 sites (67%)

Operating today

78.1 GW

472 GW more under construction or planned

Disclosed investment

$1,572.7B

Across 370 sites that report it

Mapped buildings

2,283

546 with OSM footprints · 369 multi-building campuses

Build-out pipeline

Projects not yet running add 472 GW, 6.0× the 78.1 GW already operating.

Disclosed capacitySites
Operational
78.1 GW
14% of capacity · 1,365 sites
Under construction
125 GW
23% of capacity · 246 sites
Permitted
33.8 GW
6.1% of capacity · 129 sites
Proposed
185 GW
34% of capacity · 481 sites
Planned, stage unreported
128 GW
23% of capacity · 553 sites

Capacity is the largest figure each source reports: planned build-out or operating IT load. 924 sites don't disclose one.

Growth

Announcements by year

When projects were first announced, colored by where they stand today.

21
9
1
3
5
5
3
10
20
25
72
178
167
<’15<2015’152015’162016’172017’182018’192019’202020’212021’222022’232023’242024’252025’262026*
OperationalUnder constructionPlanned

Announcement dates exist for 519 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records; outside research carries none. * 2026 is year to date.

Project size

Sites by disclosed capacity. 148 gigawatt-scale projects hold 62% of the capacity still to come.

  1. Under 10 MW
    3041.2 GW
  2. 10–50 MW
    41111.8 GW
  3. 50–100 MW
    38025.9 GW
  4. 100–300 MW
    30754.6 GW
  5. 300 MW–1 GW
    286146 GW
  6. 1–5 GW
    154249 GW
  7. 5 GW+
    861.9 GW
OperationalUnder constructionPlanned

924 sites don't disclose capacity.

Geography & operators

Top states

Where capacity and sites concentrate. Names open the state on the map.

  1. 1
    TexasTX
    106 GW310 sites
  2. 2
    VirginiaVA
    55.4 GW517 sites
  3. 3
    UtahUT
    50 GW58 sites
  4. 4
    PennsylvaniaPA
    36.7 GW96 sites
  5. 5
    OhioOH
    34.3 GW118 sites
  6. 6
    GeorgiaGA
    25 GW132 sites
  7. 7
    IndianaIN
    22.6 GW50 sites
  8. 8
    ArizonaAZ
    21.4 GW106 sites
  9. 9
    IllinoisIL
    14.5 GW83 sites
  10. 10
    OklahomaOK
    13.4 GW52 sites
  11. 11
    NevadaNV
    12.6 GW64 sites
  12. 12
    New MexicoNM
    10 GW12 sites

Top 12 of 55 states and territories.

Top metro areas

Census metropolitan areas, which span state lines. Names open the metro on the map.

  1. 1
    Washington–Arlington–AlexandriaDC-VA-MD-WV
    35.6 GW429 sites
  2. 2
    Phoenix–Mesa–ChandlerAZ
    17.8 GW101 sites
  3. 3
    Chicago–Naperville–ElginIL-IN
    16 GW89 sites
  4. 4
    Atlanta–Sandy Springs–RoswellGA
    13.4 GW97 sites
  5. 5
    ColumbusOH
    12 GW60 sites
  6. 6
    Dallas–Fort Worth–ArlingtonTX
    11.8 GW106 sites
  7. 7
    RenoNV
    11.6 GW32 sites
  8. 8
    Austin–Round Rock–San MarcosTX
    10.6 GW31 sites
  9. 9
    Scranton–Wilkes-BarrePA
    10.4 GW16 sites
  10. 10
    RichmondVA
    9 GW40 sites
  11. 11
    PittsburghPA
    8.7 GW24 sites
  12. 12
    AmarilloTX
    6.9 GW3 sites

Top 12 of 243 metro areas. Sites are placed by their coordinates (2023 OMB definitions). 400 sites outside any metro area are left out.

Top operators

Largest developers and operators. Names open their sites on the map.

  1. 1
    AmazonIncludes 5 other filing names
    58.9 GW264 sites
  2. 2
    GoogleIncludes 2 other filing names
    25.2 GW74 sites
  3. 3
    MicrosoftIncludes 1 other filing name
    21.5 GW186 sites
  4. 4
    Tract
    19.5 GW19 sites
  5. 5
    O'Leary Digital
    16.5 GW2 sites
  6. 6
    MetaIncludes 1 other filing name
    16.1 GW38 sites
  7. 7
    Creekstone Energy
    14.7 GW2 sites
  8. 8
    QTS Data CentersIncludes 2 other filing names
    12.6 GW59 sites
  9. 9
    PowerHouse Data CentersIncludes 2 other filing names
    12.4 GW18 sites
  10. 10
    Vantage Data Centers
    10.2 GW48 sites
  11. 11
    SB Energy
    10.1 GW2 sites
  12. 12
    OpenAIIncludes 5 other filing names
    9.5 GW6 sites

Top 12 of 783 operators. Filing-name variants are merged (Amazon Web Services counts as Amazon). 39 sites with an undisclosed operator are left out.

Power & cooling

Energy source

Primary power supply, with disclosed capacity.

  • Grid35366% · 126 GW
  • Mixed6312% · 67.3 GW
  • On-site gas5410% · 63.5 GW
  • Solar315.8% · 9.3 GW
  • Hydro183.4% · 2.1 GW
  • Wind71.3% · 1.8 GW
  • Other61.1% · 991 MW
  • Nuclear2<1% · 1.6 GW

Reported for 534 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records.

Utilities

Utilities serving the most tracked sites.

  • Dominion Energy Virginia569% · 8 GW
  • ComEd264.2% · 7.6 GW
  • Silicon Valley Power233.7% · 577 MW
  • NV Energy203.2% · 3.7 GW
  • Georgia Power193% · 8.7 GW
  • Xcel Energy142.2% · 1.2 GW
  • Portland General Electric (PGE)142.2% · 934 MW
  • PacifiCorp132.1% · 18.2 GW
  • Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E)132.1% · 1.2 GW
  • Rappahannock Electric Co-op111.8% · 3.6 GW

Top 10 of 208 utilities, reported for 623 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records.

Cooling

Cooling design, which drives water use.

  • Closed loop33663% · 111 GW
  • Air-cooled7213% · 25.7 GW
  • Unknown468.6% · 23.2 GW
  • Evaporative458.4% · 13.5 GW
  • Hybrid356.6% · 9.4 GW

Reported for 534 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records.

Communities & AI

Local reaction

How nearby communities have responded, from support to lawsuits.

  • Locally supported6914% · 35.5 GW
  • Mixed local reaction11023% · 72.7 GW
  • Contested locally19440% · 96.7 GW
  • Local opposition6714% · 15.8 GW
  • In litigation479.7% · 30.5 GW

Reported for 487 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records.

AI workloads

Sites identified as built for AI training or inference.

  • Likely AI23147% · 101 GW
  • AI campus17736% · 131 GW
  • AI / mixed use8016% · 16.5 GW

Classified for 488 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records.

Largest projects facing pushback

Biggest disclosed projects that are contested, opposed or in litigation.

#ProjectStatusCapacityLocal reaction
1Stratos AI Data Center CampusO'Leary Digital · Lucin, UTProposedContested locallyProposed9 GWContested locally
2Project Matador (Fermi Project Matador)Fermi America · Amarillo, TXUnder constructionContested locallyUnder construction5.8 GWContested locally
3PowerHouse Caldwell County Data CenterPowerHouse Data Centers · Uhland, TXProposedContested locallyProposed4 GWContested locally
4Project Merlin (Helios II)Galaxy Digital · McGregor, TXProposedContested locallyProposed3.5 GWContested locally
5Project Camellia (OpenAI Effingham County Campus)OpenAI · Rincon, GAProposedIn litigationProposed3.2 GWIn litigation
6TECfusions Keystone ConnectTECfusions · Upper Burrell Township, PAProposedIn litigationProposed3 GWIn litigation
7AWS Hobart CampusAmazon Web Services · Hobart, INUnder constructionContested locallyUnder construction2.4 GWContested locally
8Amazon Project RainierAmazon Web Services · New Carlisle, INOperationalContested locallyOperational2.2 GWContested locally

Public incentives

Kinds of incentive

177 sites report 222 tax breaks and grants; 64 carry a dollar value, totaling $8.3B.

  • Sales & use tax exemptions8749% · $2.9B
  • Property tax breaks9755% · $5.7B
  • Income & jobs tax credits1911% · $32M
  • Grants & public funding1911% · $438M
  • Other or unspecified84.5% · $372M

A site or package can count under several kinds, so shares and values overlap.

Incentives by state

Sites with incentives, and the disclosed value.

  • Illinois2615% · $496M
  • Ohio2011% · $127M
  • Texas137.3% · $147M
  • Indiana105.6%
  • Georgia84.5% · $75M
  • Louisiana74%
  • Wyoming74%
  • Iowa63.4% · $391M
  • Utah63.4%
  • Oregon63.4%

Top 10 of 36 states.

Largest disclosed incentives

Sites with the highest reported incentive value. Names open the site on the map.

#ProjectStatusCapacityIncentives
1Nebius Birmingham AI Factory (BHM01) (Nebius Birmingham Data Center)Nebius Group · Birmingham, ALUnder construction$3.2B in incentivesUnder construction300 MW$3.2B
2STREAM U.S. Data Centers at STAMPStream U.S. Data Centers LLC · Alabama, NYProposed$1.7B in incentivesProposed500 MW$1.7B
3H5 Data Centers Buffalo I (formerly Yahoo Lockport) (H5 Data Centers Buffalo Campus)H5 Data Centers · Lockport, NYOperational$478M in incentivesOperational15 MW$478M
4Stargate Lighthouse CampusVantage Data Centers · Port Washington, WIUnder construction$458M in incentivesUnder construction902 MW$458M
5Applied Digital Delta Forge 2 (Brookwood AI Factory Campus)Applied Digital · Brookwood, ALProposed$315M in incentivesProposed210 MW$315M
6Project CannoliGoogle · Van Buren Township, MIProposed$250M in incentivesProposed1 GW$250M
7Apple Waukee Data CenterApple · Waukee, IAOperational$208M in incentivesOperational—$208M
8Meta Davenport Data CenterMeta · Davenport, IAProposed$161M in incentivesProposed—$161M
9Meta Fort Worth Data CenterMeta · Fort Worth, TXOperational$147M in incentivesOperational249 MW$147M
105C Group / Vultr Data Center (Prime Ohio)5C Group (Hypertec Cloud + 5C Data Centers); tenant Vultr (The Constant Company, LLC) · Springfield, OHUnder construction$127M in incentivesUnder construction150 MW$127M

Values are as reported, usually taxes forgone over the full term, and exist for 64 of 222 incentives. Recorded for 177 of 1,757 Compute Atlas records.

Projects

Largest projects

The ten biggest by disclosed capacity. Names open the site on the map.

#ProjectStatusCapacityInvestment
1Creekstone Energy Delta GigasiteCreekstone Energy · Delta, UTUnder construction$17BUnder construction10 GW$17B
2PORTS-Pike Technology CampusSB Energy · Piketon, OHUnder constructionUnder construction10 GW—
3Stratos AI Data Center CampusO'Leary Digital · Lucin, UTProposedProposed9 GW—
4GW RanchPacifico Energy · TXProposedProposed7.7 GW—
5Wonder Valley UtahO'Leary Digital · UTPlannedPlanned7.5 GW—
6Lea County Data CenterNew Era Energy & Digital, Inc. · Lovington, NMProposedProposed7 GW—
7Project Matador (Fermi Project Matador)Fermi America · Amarillo, TXUnder constructionUnder construction5.8 GW—
8Data City, TexasEnergy Abundance Development Corporation · Laredo, TXProposedProposed5 GW—
9Delta Gigasite - ExpansionCreekstone Energy · UTPlannedPlanned4.7 GW—
10Homer City Energy CampusHomer City Redevelopment · Homer City, PAUnder construction$10BUnder construction4.5 GW$10B

Data quality

Record confidence

How well each site's existence and status are corroborated.

  • Confirmed70125% · 160 GW
  • Reported2,05374% · 371 GW
  • Rumored20<1% · 19 GW

Location evidence

What pins each site to the map, strongest evidence first.

  • Building footprints (OpenStreetMap)31511% · 20 GW
  • Facility point (OpenStreetMap)361.3% · 609 MW
  • Site outline (OpenStreetMap)10<1% · 915 MW
  • Official site address (curated)1<1%
  • Street address (US Census geocoder)39114% · 12.3 GW
  • As reported69325% · 188 GW
  • Outside research (unverified)1,32848% · 328 GW

Outside research positions are unverified and shown faded on the map.